General James Agnew

Born:

Died: 4 October 1777

Cause of Death: Battle wounds; Battle of Germantown

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

March 1776: Commander of the composite Grenadier Battalion at Boston
4 April 1776: Promoted in America to Brigadier.
May 1776: Commander of the 4th Brigade at Halifax.
August 1776: Commander of the 2d Brigade at Staten Island and Long Island.
Winter 1776-77: Garrisoned Brunswick, NJ.
Summer 1777: Commander of the 4th Brigade on the Philadelphia Campaign.

Military Career after the AWI: N/A

Additional Information:

General Benedict Arnold

Born: Norwich, CT., 14 January 1741

Died: London, 14 June 1801

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

March 1758: Enlisted in a NY company; deserted.
March 1760: Enlisted; served in upper NY State; deserted.
1774: Elected Captain of militia in New Haven.

Military Career during the AWI:

April 1775: Seized the arsenal at New Haven; marched to Cambridge.
10 May 1775: With Ethan Allen, forced capitulation of Fort Ticonderoga
October 1775: Led the expedition up the Kennebec to Quebec
31 Dec 1775: Wounded assaulting Quebec.
Jan 1776: Promoted to Brigadier General.
Oct. 1776: Commanded the defeated America fleet at Valcour Island.
May 1777: Promoted to Major-General.
August 1777: Led relief expedition to lift the Siege at Fort Schuyler.
October 1777: Played a prominent role in the 1st and 2d Battles at Saratoga.
June 1778: Commander of Philadelphia.
Jan 1780: Court Martialed for irregularities as Commander in Philadelphia.
September 1780: Failed in an attempt to turn West Point over to the British.
         Commisioned a Brigadier on the Provincial establishment.
Dec 1780-Jan 1781: Led a raid against tidewater Virginia.
Sept. 1781: Led a raid against New London, CT.
Dec. 1781: Went to England.

Military Career after the AWI: N/A

Additional Information: Bio

General Montford Browne

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General John Burgoyne

Born: Middlesex, 4 February 1722

Died: London, 4 June 1792

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1740: Cornet in the 13th Light Dragoons.
1741: Purchased a Lieutenantcy in the 13th Dragoons.
1743: Purchased a Captaincy in the 13th Dragoons.
1746: Sold his commission.
1757: Took a commision as Captain in the 11th Dragoons.
May 1758: Became Capt. and Lt. Col. in the Coldstream Guards.
Aug 1759: Commander of a Light Horse (Cavalry) Regiment.
1761: Entered Parliament.
1762: Fought with his Regiment in Portugal. Temporary Promotion to Brigadier.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career during the AWI:

1775: In Boston for Bunker Hill, but with no Command.
1 Sept 1775: Promoted to Lieutenant-General in America.
1776: Brought reinforcements to Quebec, which broke the Siege.
         Under Carleton, cleared Americans from Canada.
1777: Commander of Expedition from Canada.
6 July 1777: Forced Americans to
         abandon Ticonderoga by moving cannons atop Mt. Defiance.
19 Sept. 1777: Won the Battle of Freeman's Farm.
7 Oct. 1777: Lost the Battle of Bemis Heights.
19 Oct. 1777: Surrended his Army to Gates at Saratoga.
1778: Paroled to England
1782: Commander in Chief, Ireland.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General John Campbell

Born:

Died: 1806

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

June 1745: Lieutenant in Loudoun's Highlanders.
1747: Flanders Camapign.
1 Oct 1747: Promoted to Captain.
9 Apr 1756 Appointed to the 42d Highlanders.
11 Jul 1759: Major of the 17th Foot.
1 Feb 1762: Promoted to Lt. Colonel and Commander of the regiment.
1762: Operations in Havanna and Martinico.
1 May 1763: Lt. Colonel of the 37th Foot.

Military Career during the AWI:

1776: Brought the 37th Foot to America.
1777-1778: Promoted to Brigadier in America
         and Commander of Staten Island.
Nov. 1778: Commander of West Florida.
19 Feb 1779: Promoted to Major-General in America.
9 May 1781: Captured and surrendered Pensacola to the Spanish.
Exchanged.
Sept 1781: Promoted to Lieutenant General in America .

Military Career after the AWI:

Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
28 Sept. 1787: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Sir Guy Carleton, K.B.

Born: Strabane, 3 September 1724

Died: Maidenhead, 10 November 1808

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

21 May 1742: Entered the Army as an Ensign.
1745: Lieutenant.
1751: Transferred to 1st Foot Guards.
1757: Captain-Lieutenant and Lieut. Colonel of the Regiment.
1758: Served under Amherst at the capture of Louisburg.
1759: Wounded under Wolfe while capturing Quebec.
1761: Fought in France.
1762: Promoted to Colonel.
1766: Lt. Governor,of Quebec.
1767: Governor and Commander-in-Chief in Quebec.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career during the AWI:

November 1775: Withdrew from Montreal.
December 1775: Besieged in Quebec.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to General in America.
May 1776: Broke the Seige and pursued Americas back into New York.
October 1776: Defeated Arnold at Valcour Island.
June 1777: Supported Burgoyne's Expedition.
1778: Resigned as Governor of Quebec and returned to England.
29 Aug. 1779: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
1782: Succeeded Henry Clinton as Commander in America.
25 November 1783: Evacuated New York.

Military Career after the AWI:

1786-1796: Governor of Quebec

Additional Information: Bio

General Thomas Clarke

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Samuel Cleaveland

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

4 April 1776: Promoted to Brigadier in America.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Sir Henry Clinton

Born: 16 April 1730

Died: Gibraltar, 23 December 1795

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Capt-Lt. in the New York militia.
1751: Liuetenant Coldstream Guards.
1758: Capt. and Lt. Colonel of the Grenadier Guards.
1760: Combat in the brigade of guards under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick.
24 Jun 1762: Promoted to Colonel.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Major-General.
July 1772- 1784: Member of Parliment.

Military Career during the AWI:

17 Jun. 1775: Led a column at Bunker Hill.
1 Sept. 1775: Promoted to Lt. General in America.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to General in America.
June 1776: Participated in the British attempt at Fort Sullivan.
August 1776: Distinguished himself at the Battle of Long Island.
Dec. 1776: Led the occupation of Newport.
early 1777: Returned to England. Knighted.
Aug. 1777: Commandant at New York.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
Oct 1777: Led raid up the Hudson, capturing Forts Clinton & Montgomery.
May 1778: Commander-in-Chief in America, succeeding Howe.
June 1778: Battle of Monmouth.
1779: Raids into Virginia, Connecticut, and the capture of Stony Point.
1780: Siege of Charleston.
5 May 1782: Succeeded by Gen. Carleton. Returned to England.

Military Career after the AWI:

1790: Reelected to Parliament.
Oct. 1793: Promoted to General.
July 1794: Appointed Governor of Gibraltar.

Additional Information: Bio

General Charles, Lord Cornwallis

Born: 1738

Died: India, 5 Oct. 1805

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1756: Ensign: Grenadier Guards.
1758: Served on Granby's staff.
1 Aug. 1759: Battle of Minden.
Aug. 1759: Promoted to Captain, 85th Regiment.
Jan. 1760: Member of Parliament.
1 May 1760: Promoted to Lt. Colonel, 12th Regiment.
15 Jul 1761: Regiment engaged at Vellinghausen.
Jun. 1762: Became Earl Cornwallis on the death of his father.
Aug. 1765: A.D.C. to the King.
29 Sept. 1775: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Lieutenant-General in America.
May 1776: Joined Clinton off Cape Fear; no part in attempt on Fort Sullivan.
22 Aug. 1776: Led landing on Long Island, and Commanded the reserve at the Battle.
15 Sept 1776: Commanded the assault troops at Kips Bay.
18 Nov 1776: Narrowly missed trapping rebel army at Fort Lee.
3 Jan 1777: Defeated by Washington at Princeton.
Spring 1777 Returned to England.
26 June 1777: Short Hills.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
Aug. 1777: Philadelphia Campaign.
Jan. 1778: Returned to England.
June 1778: Monmouth.
Dec. 1778. Returned to England.
Spring 1780: Charleston Expedition.
June 1780: Commander in South Carolina and Georgia.
Jul-Aug. 1780: Defeated Gates at Camden.
17 Jan. 1781: Cowpens.
15 March 1781: Guilford Courthouse.
Spring-Summer 1781: Chased Lafayette in Virginia.
October 1781: The Siege of Yorktown, which resulted in his surrender.
Paroled.
May 1782: Exchanged for Henry Laurens.

Military Career after the AWI:

23 Feb 1786: Governor General in India.
1793: 1st Marquess Cornwallis.
Feb. 1794: Returned to England.
11 Feb. 1797: Governor General and C-in-C of Ireland.
1805: Returned to India as Governor General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Oliver Delancey, Sr.

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Karl Emil Ulrich von Donop

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Sir William Erskine

Born: Edinburgh, March 1728

Died: 9 March 1795

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1743: Entered the Scots Grays.
1745: Cornet at Fontenoy.
1759: Major of the 15th Light Dragoons in Germany.
1762: Promoted to Lieut. Colonel.
1763: Knighted.

Military Career during the AWI:

Aug. 1776: Commanded the 7th Brigade at Long Island.
Apr. 1777: Second in command to Gen. Tryon on the Danbury Raid.
Aug. 1777: Commander 5th Brigade on the Philadelphia Campaign.
1778: Appointed as General Clinton's Quartermaster-General.
June 1778: Commander x Brigade at Monmouth.
Winter 1778-79: Commanded the eastern District of Long Island.
15 Feb. 1779: Promoted to Major-General. Returned to England.

Military Career after the AWI:

1787: Promoted to Lieut. General.
1791: Baronet.
1793-5: Second in command to the Duke of York at Flanders.

Additional Information: Bio

General Simon Fraser

Born: 1729

Died: 8 October 1777

Cause of Death: Battle wounds, Battle of Bemis Heights.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1748: Dutch Service.
31 Jan 1755: Lieutenant in the 62d Royal Americans.
Jan. 1757: Captain-Lieutenant in Fraser Highlanders.
Fought at Louisburg, Cape Breton, and Quebec.
22 Apr 1759: Promoted to Captain.
Staff Officer in Germany.
8 Feb. 1762: Promoted to major in the 24th Foot.
Served at Gibraltar and in Ireland with 24th.
1768: Lt. Colonel of the 24th Foot.
1770: Quartermaster General in Ireland.

Military Career during the AWI:

28 May 1776: Arrived at Quebec with the 24th Regiment.
1776: Commanded a brigade in Carleton's Campaign.
June 1777: Commanded Burgoyne's Advance Corps.
19 September 1777: Battle of Freeman's Farm.
7 October 1777: Battle of Bemis Heights.

Military Career after the AWI:

N/A

Additional Information: Bio

General Honourable Thomas Gage

Born: 1719?

Died: 2 Apr. 1787

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

< 1740: Commisioned Ensign.
Jan 1743: Promoted to Captain.
1745: A.D.C. to Albemarle at Fontenoy and Culloden.
1747-48: Campaigns in the Low Countries.
1748: transferred to the 55th Regiment (renumbered the 44th).
1748: Promoted to Major.
2 Mar 1751: Promoted to Lt. Colonel.
1754: Brought his Regiment to America.
9 Jul 1755: Commanded the Advanced Guard on Braddock's Expedtion.
1756: Led an unsuccessful expedition up the Mohawk River.
Dec. 1757: Formed the first Light-armed Regiment, the 80th.
1758: Wounded leading Abercromby's advanced guard against Ticonderoga.
1758: Commander at Albany; Temporary promotion to Brigadier.
Jul. 1759: Led column on Lake Ontario; failed to seize Fort La Galette.
Winter 1759-60: Commander at Albany.
1760: Commanded Amherst's rear guard from Oswego to Montreal.
6 Sept. 1760: Military Governor of Montreal.
1761: Promoted to Major-General.
1762: On Amherst's departure was named acting C-in-C of the British Army in America.
16 Nov. 1763: Moved to New York to assume duties as C-in-C.
Nov. 1764: Named as C-in-C, British Amry in North America.
30 April 1770: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
Jun 1773: Returned to England on Leave of Absence.
Apr 1774: Appointed Governor of Massachusetts and remained C-in-C.

Military Career during the AWI:

19 Apr. 1775: Lexington and Concord.
17 June 1775: Bunker Hill.
26 Sept 1775: Called to England.
10 Oct 1775: Surrended command to Howe.
20 Nov 1782: Promoted to General.

Military Career after the AWI:

N/A

Additional Information: Bio

General W. R. von Gall

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Colonel, Regiment Erb-Prinz (Hesse-Hanu).
1777: Acting Brigadier.
May 1777: Commanded Brigade von Gall in Burgoyne's Expedition.
19 Oct 1777: Surrendered at Saratoga.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General George Garth

Born:

Died: 1819

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Sept. 1755: 1st Regiment of Footguards.

Military Career during the AWI:

Feb. 1779: Colonel.
July 1779: Brigade Commander, Connecticut Coast raid.
Sept. 1779: Appointed to Replace Prevost in Georgia.
         Captured by the French aboard the Experiment off Georgia.
Exchanged.
Served as Major-General in the West Indies.

Military Career after the AWI:

1801: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General James Grant

Born: 1720

Died: Ballindalloch, 13 April 1806

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1741: Obtained a commission. 24 Oct. 1744: Commisioned Captain, 1st Bn. Royal Scots.
Served at Fontenoy and Culloden.
1747-8: Flanders. Feb. 1757: Major, 77th (Montgomery) Highlanders.
21 Sept 1758: Led his Advanced Det. into ambush near Ft. Dusquene; made prisoner.
1760: Lt. Colonel of 40th Foot and appointed Governor of Florida.
1761: Led the Successful Cherokee Expedition.
1764-1771: Governor of Florida.
1772: Commander 40th Foot, Ireland.
1773: Member of Parliament.

Military Career during the AWI:

1775: Commanded the 5th Brigade at Boston.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major-General in America.
Aug. 1776: Commanded the 4th Brigade at the Battle of Long Island.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major-General.
Aug. 1777: Commanded the 2d Brigade on the Philadelphia Campaign.
20 May 1778: Led the unsucessful attempt to capture Lafayette at Barren Hill.
June 1778: Commanded a brigade at Monmouth.
Dec. 1778: Led an expedition to the West Indies, capturing St. Lucia.
1 Aug. 1779: Returned to England.
1782: Promoted to Lieuteneant-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

1796: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Charles Grey

Born: Howick, 1729

Died: Howick, 14 Nov 1807

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1748: Ensign.
23 Dec. 1752: Lieutenant of the 6th Regiment at Gibraltar.
21 Mar 1755: Captain of an independent company; subsequently brought into 20th Foot.
1757: Rochefort expedition. 1 Aug. 1759: Wounded at Minden while A.D.C. to Prince Ferdinand.
14 Oct. 1760: Light Company at Campen.
21 Jan 1761: Lt. Colonel of the 98th Foot; at siege of Belle Isle.
1762: Siege of Havana.
1763: Retired on half-pay.
1772: Colonel and A.D.C. to the King.

Military Career during the AWI:

1776: Promoted to Brigadier in America.
4 Mar 1777: Promoted to Major General in America.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.
21 Sept 1777: Led surprise night attack at Paoli, earning nickname: No Flint.
4 Oct 1777: Commander 3d Brigade at Germantown.
Sept. 1778: Led Raids at Bedford and Martha's Vineyard, and again at Tappan.
1778: Promoted to Major-General.
Returned to England.
1782: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

1793: Led relief expedition at Nieuport.
1794: West Indies.
Nov. 1794: Returned to England; promoted to General.
1798-99: Commander of the Southern District.
1799: Retired.
1801: Baron Grey de Howick.
1806: Viscount Howick, and Earl Grey.

Additional Information: Bio

General Frederick Haldimand

Born: Neufchatel, Switzerland, Oct. 1718

Died:Yverdun, Switzerland, 5 June 1791

Cause of Death:Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Served in the Sardinian Army against the Spanish in Italy.
1 July 1750: Lt. Colonel in the Regt. of Swiss Guards in the Dutch service.
4 Jan. 1756: Appointed Lt. Colonel of the 62d Royal Americans, raised in the colonies.
17 Jan 1758: Colonel in America.
8 July 1758: Fought at Ticonderoga.
1759: Defended Oswego against the French and Indians.
1760: Served under Amherst against Montreal.
1760-1766: Commandant of Three Rivers.
19 Feb. 1762: Promoted to Colonel.
1766-1778: Commander in Florida.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Major-General in America.
1773-75: Commanded at New York during the absence of Gage.

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to General in America.
1776: Commander in East Florida.
29 Aug. 1777: Lieutenant General.
27 June 1778- Nov. 1784: Replaced Carleton as Governor of Quebec and Commander-in-Chief in Canada.

Military Career after the AWI:

1784: Returned to England.

Additional Information: Bio

General James Hamilton

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Lt. Colonel, 21st Foot.
1777: Promoted to Brigadier in America.
May 1777: Commanded 1st Brigade in Burgoyne's Expedition.
6 Jul 1777: Commander of Fort Ticonderoga; relieved by Powell 9 Aug.
Sept. 1777: Commanded a brigade at Freeman's Farm.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Leopold Philip de Heister

Born: 1707

Died: 19 Nov. 1777

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

late May 1776: Sailed from Spithead with the 1st Hessian Contingent.
early July 1776: Arrived at Staten Island.
Aug. 1776: Commanded the center of the British line at Long Island.
28 Oct 1776: Commanded the Germans at White Plains.
1777: Recalled to Hesse.

Military Career after the AWI:

N/A

Additional Information: Bio

General John Howard

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Sir William Howe

Born: 1729

Died: 1814

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

18 Sept. 1746: Cornet, Duke of Cumberland's Light Dragoons.
1747: Promoted to Lieutenant.
2 Jan. 1750: Transferred to the 20th Foot.
1 Jun. 1750: Promoted to Captain.
4 Jan 1756: Major of the 60th Regt (redesignated 58th Regiment).
17 Dec. 1759: Commisioned Lt. Colonel.
1760: Led regiment against Louisburg.
1761: Commanded a brigade in the siege of Belle Isle.
1762: Adjutant General of the Army that captured Havanna.
1768: Lt. Governor of the Isle of Wight.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career during the AWI:

17 June 1775: Commanded at the Battle of Bunker Hill.
10 Oct. 1775: Assumed command from Gage.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to General in America.
Apr. 1776: Named C-in-C of the Britsh Army in the 13 Colonies.
Aug. 1776: The New York Campaign.
Nov. 1776- Jan. 1777. The New Jersey Campaign.
Aug. 1777: The Philadelphia Campaign.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
May 1778: Resigned as C-in-C and returned to England; Succeeded by Clinton.
1782: Promoted to Lieutenant-General of the ordnance.

Military Career after the AWI:

23 Oct. 1793: Promoted to General.
1799: 5th Viscount Howe on death of his brother.
1803: Resigned his ordnance post.

Additional Information: Bio

General Daniel Jones

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Valentine Jones

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major-General in America.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Wilhelm von Knyphausen

Born: Liitzberg, 4 Nov. 1716

Died: Cassel, 7 Dec. 1800

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1734: Entered Prussian Army.

Military Career during the AWI:

1775: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
18 Oct. 1776: Reached NY harbor with the 2d group of German mercenaries (Hessians and Waldeckers).
16 Nov. 1776: Led main attack at Fort Washington.
1777: Replaced Heister as C-in-C of German troops in America.
Aug. 1777: Led Division in the Philadelphia Campaign.
1780: Commander in New York during Clinton's absence.
1782: Retired due to loss of an eye, and ill health.

Military Career after the AWI:

Military Governor of Cassel.

Additional Information: Bio

General Honourable Alexander Leslie

Born: 1731

Died: Glasgow, 1794

Cause of Death: Blow received during a riot.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1753: Joined 3d Foot Guards.
1758: Senior Captain 64th Regiment.
28 Aug. 1766: Commander 64th Regiment.

Military Career during the AWI:

4 April 1776: Appointed Aide-de-Camp to His Majesty,
                   with rank of Colonel, and Brigadier in America
July 1776: Commander of the Light Infantry Brigade.
19 Feb. 1779: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

1787: Promoted to Lieutenant General.

Additional Information: Bio

General von Loos

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Francis McLean

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General James Marsh

Born:

Died:

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Additional Information:

General Edward Mathew

Born: 1729

Died: 1805

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1746: Ensign Coldstream Guards.
1775: Colonel and A.D.C. to the King.

Military Career during the AWI:

1776: As Brigadier brought the Brigade of Guards to America.
15 Sept 1776: Led landing at Kips Bay.
16 Nov. 1776: Took part in the capture of Fort Washington.
19 Feb. 1779: Promoted to Major-General.
May 1779: Led Mathew-Collier Raid to tidewater Virginia.
June 1780: Participated as a volunteer in Knyphausen's Springfield Raid.
1780: Returned to England.
Nov. 1782: Commander in Chief, West Indies.

Military Career after the AWI:

1797: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Werner D. Mirbach

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Charles O'Hara

Born: 1740?

Died: Gibraltar, 21 February 1802

Cause of Death: Complications from old wounds.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

23 Dec 1752: Cornet, 3d Dragoons.
14 Jan 1756: Lieutenant and Captain, Coldstream Guards.
Served in Germany after Minden.
1762: Quartermaster General of the troops in Portugal.
25 Jul 1766: Liuetenant Colonel, Commandant of the African corps, Goree, Senegal.
1769: Captain and Lt. Colonel, Coldstream Guards

Military Career during the AWI:

Jul 1778: Commander Sandy Hook.
October 1780: Commander, Brigade of Guards.
1 Feb 1781: Led attack at Cowan's Ford.
15 Mar 1781: Led 2d Bn of Guards at Guilford Court House.
Surrendered at Yorktown.
Appointed Major-General.
9 Feb 1782: Exchanged. Returned to England.

Military Career after the AWI:

1787-1790: Staff at Gibraltar.
1792: Appointed Lt. Governor of Gibraltar.
1793: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.
23 Nov. 1793: Captured at Fort Mulgrove, Toulon.
Aug. 1795: Exchanged for Rochambeau
1795: Appointed Governor of Gibraltar.
1798: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General James Paterson

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

18 April 1776: Adjutant General in America.
June 1778: sent to England with Clinton's dispatches.
1 June 1779: Brigadier. Commanded British forces at the capture of Stony Point.
Promoted to Major General in America.
1780: part of the expedition to Charlestown, SC.
1780-1783: Commander of Staten Island garrison.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General James Pattison

Born: 1724

Died: 1805

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

25 Apr 1777: Proomoted to Colonel, Royal Artillery.
24 Sept 1777: Promoted to Brigadier in America.
19 Feb 1779: Promoted to Major General.
June 1779: Assisted in operations against Stony Point and Verplanck's Point.
Commandant of New York City.
4 Sept. 1780: Returned to England.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Hugh, Earl Percy

Born: 28 August 1742

Died: 10 July 1817

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1 May 1759: Ensign, 24th Foot.
6 Aug. 1759: Captain, 85th Foot.
16 Apr. 1762: Lt. Colonel, commanding 111th Regiment at Bergen and Minden.
1762: Captain and Lieutenant Colonel, Grenadier Guards.
15 mar. 1763: Member of Parliament.
26 Oct. 1764: Colonel and A.D.C. to the King.
1774: Went to Boston as a Brigadier.

Military Career during the AWI:

19 April 1775: Led relief column for Col. Francis Smith's column.
11 July 1775: Promoted to Major-General in America.
29 Sept. 1775: Promoted to Major-General.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Lieutenant-General in America.
26 Mar. 1776: Promoted to General in America.
26 Aug. 1776: Commanded a Division at the battle of Long Island.
16 Nov 1776: Commanded a Division at Fort Washington.
Dec 1776: Served with Clinton in the capture of Rhode Island.
June 1777: Recalled to England.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

2 Nov. 1784: Command of the 2d Troop of horse grenadier guards.
1786: Duke of Northumberland.
9 April 1788: Received the Garter. June 1788: transferred to the 2d Lifeguards.
12 Oct. 1793: Promoted to General.
1798: Command of the Percy yeomanry regiment.

Additional Information: Bio

General William Phillips

Born: 1731?

Died: Petersburg, 13 May 1781

Cause of Death: Typhoid Fever.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1 Aug. 1746: appointed gentlemen Cadet at Woolrich.
2 Jan. 1747: Lieutenant Fireworker.
Apr. 1750-May 1756: Quarter Master of the Royal Regiment of Artillery.
1 Mar. 1755: Promoted to 2d Lieutenant.
1 Apr. 1756: Promoted to 1st Lieutenant.
12 May 1756: Captain in the Army, and Commander of a company of miners for Minorca.
1756: Drafted into the Royal Regiment of Artillery.
1758: Promoted to Captain. Led a brigade of artillery in Germany.
1 Aug. 1759: Battle of Minden.
30 Jul 1760: At battle of Warburg.
15 Aug. 1760: Promoted to Lt. Colonel in the Army.
25 May 1772: Promoted to Colonel in the Army.

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
Jul-Dec 1776: Commander at St. Johns.
25 April 1777: Promoted to Major in the Royal Artillery Regiment.
May 1777: Second in Command to Burgoyne.
2-5 July 1777: Aided in the capture of Ticonderoga.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major-General.
19 Oct. 1777: Surrendered at Saratoga.
Nov. 1779: Paroled to New York.
6 july 1780: Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel in the Royal Artillery regiment.
13 Oct 1780: Exchanged for General Lincoln.
Spring 1781: Led force to Virginia, and took Command there.

Military Career after the AWI:

N/A

Additional Information: Bio

General Robert Pigot

Born: Patshull, 1720

Died: Patshull, 2 Aug. 1796

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1745: Fought at Fontenoy in the 31st Foot.
1749-1752: Fought in Minorca and Scotland.
31 Oct. 1751: Promoted to Captain.
5 May 1758: Promoted to Major.
1758: Transferred to the 70th Regiment.
1 Oct 1764: Lt. Colonel, 38th Foot.
Jul 1774: Brought 38th Foot to Boston.

Military Career during the AWI:

17 June 1775: Led 2d Brigade at Bunker Hill.
11 Dec 1775: Promoted to Colonel.
16 July 1776: Commander 3d Brigade at Boston.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
Aug. 1776: Commander, 2d Brigade at Long Island.
1777-1779: Commander of Rhode Island.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.
29 Jul - 31 Aug 1778: Successfully defended Newport.
1778: Suceeded his brother as second baronet, lord Pigot of Patshull.
20 Nov 1782: Promoted to Lieutenant General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Henry Powell

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Lt. Colonel, 53d Foot.
1777: Promoted to Brigadier in America.
May 1777: Commanded 2d Brigade in Burgoyne's Expedition.
9 Aug. 1777: Commander of Fort Ticonderoga.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Richard Prescott

Born: 1725

Died: 1788

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

20 Dec. 1756: Major, 33d Foot.
May 1762: Lt. Colonel, 50th Foot.
Served in Germany.

Military Career during the AWI:

17 Nov 1775: Brigadier. Captured attempting to escapr from Montreal to Quebec.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
~25 Sept. 1776: Exchanged for General Sulivan.
Dec. 1776: Participated in occupation of Newport; Garrison Commander.
9 July 1777: Captured by William Barton at Overing House in Portsmouth, RI.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.
6 May 1778: Exchanged for General Charles Lee.
29 Aug. 1778: Commanded a brigade in the Battle of Rhode Island.
August 1779: Succeeded Pigot as Commander of Rhode Island Garrison.
Oct. 1779: Evacuated the Garrison to New York.
26 Nov. 1782: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Augustine Prevost

Born: Geneva, 22 Aug. 1723

Died: 1786

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

9 Jan. 1756: Major, 60th Foot.
1759: Served under Wolfe at Quebec.
20 Mar. 1761: Promoted to Lt. Colonel.
18 Sept. 1775: Promoted to Colonel, 4th Battalion, 60th Regiment.

Military Career during the AWI:

1775: Commander, British forces in East Florida.
Fall 1778: Moved north, to support the attack on Savannah.
19 Feb. 1779: Promoted to Major-General in America.
14 Feb. 1779: Victory at Briar Creek.
9 Oct. 1779: Defence of Savannah against a Franco-American force.
Oct. 1779: Returned to England.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Baron Friederich Adolphus von Riedesel

Born: 1738

Died: 7 Jan. 1800

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

< 1756: Commisioned Ensign in the Hessian Battalion at Marburg.
1756: Went o England with a German Regiment under George II.
1757: A.D.C. to Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick.
Aug. 1759: Battle of Minden.
1775: Colonel od carabineers, commanding the garrison at Wolfenbuttel.

Military Career during the AWI:

10 Jan 1776: Named commander of the 1st Brunswick contingent destined for America.
4 Apr. 1776: Embarked for America from Dover.
1 Jun 1776: Joined Carleton at Quebec.
June 1777: Commanded the Left Division of Burgoyne's Expedition from Canada.
7 Jul 1777: Distinguished himself at Hubbardton.
19 Oct 1777: Surrended with Burgoyne's Army at Saratoga.
13 Oct. 1780: He and Phillips were exchanged for Gen. Lincoln.
1781: Promoted to Lieutenant-General in America.
Sept. 1781: Ordered to Canada; carried a Clinton plan for an invasion fron the North.
mid-Aug. 1783: Sailed for England.
8 Oct. 1783: Led his troops for review by the new Duke of Brunswick.

Military Career after the AWI:

1787-1793: Promoted to Lieutenant-General, commander of Brunswick troops in southern provinces of Holland. 1793: Recalled from retirement to become Commandant of the city of Brunswick.

Additional Information: Bio

General James Robertson

Born: County Fife, Scotland, 29 June 1717.

Died: London, 4 March 1788

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Enlisted as a private; promoted to sergeant.
1739: Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, Colonel William Robinson's regiment of Marines.
1745-46: Service in the Jacobite uprisings.
1746: Captain, 30th Regiment.
1756: Came to America as Major in the 60th Regiment, Royal Americans.
1757: Appointed Deputy Quarter Master General, America.
1765: Appointed Barrack Master General, America.

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
Aug. 1776: Commanded a brigade at Long Island.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.
May 1779: Appointed civil Governor of New York.
May 1781: Commander-in-Chief in Virginia.
20 Nov. 1782: Promoted to Lieutenant General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General M. Conrad Schmitt

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Cortland Skinner

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Attorney General, Colony of New Jersey

Military Career during the AWI:

4 Sept. 1776: Commissioned a Brigadier General.
Dec. 1776: Sucessfully completed the raisng of 6 battalions,
which formed the New Jersey Volunteers Regiment.
1777: Attempted to reorganize the Monmouth County Militia; Commissioned by Royal Governor, Major General of Militia.
1778-1782: Given Command of Staten Island for some periods.
1782: Commander of Paulus Hook.
1782: Left for England.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Francis Smith

Born: 1723

Died: 1791

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

25 Apr 1741: Lieutenant, Royal Fusileers.
23 Jun 1747: Captain, 10th Foot.
Feb 1762: Lt. Colonel, 10th Foot.
1767: Brought 10th Foot to America.

Military Career during the AWI:

19 Apr 1775: Led raid on Lexington and Concord.
1775: Promoted to Colonel and A.D.C. to the King.
1776: Promoted to Brigadier in America.
Mar. 1776: Dorchester Heights.
Aug. 1776: Commanded the 5th Brigade at Long Island.
Aug. 1778: Commanded a brigade at Battle of Rhode Island.
1778: Regiment drafted, officers returned to England.
1779: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

1787: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Johann Friederich Specht

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Colonel, Regiment von Specht (Brunswick).
1777: Acting Brigadier.
May 1777: Commanded Brigade von Specht in Burgoyne's Expedition.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Thomas Stirling

Born: 8 Oct. 1733

Died: Strowan, 8 May 1808

Cause of Death: Natural causes.

Military Career prior to the AWI:

11 Oct. 1747: Commision from the Prince of Orange.
Served 10 years in the Scots brigade on Dutch Service.
24 Mar. 1757: Captain in the 42d Highlanders.
Served in Canada, Martinique(1759), and Havanna(1762).
1765: Sent to take possesion of the Illinois country.
1767: Returned to England.
12 Dec. 1770: Promoted to Major.
7 Sept. 1771: Promoted to Lieuentant Colonel.

Military Career during the AWI:

1776: Brought his Regiment to New York.
16 Nov. 1776: At capture of Fort Washington.
Feb. 1779: Captured Elizabethtown.
19 Feb. 1779: Appointed Aide de Camp to the King, and promoted to Colonel.
18 July 1779: Led relief force to aid of Fort Lafayette.
mid-July to mid-Sept. 1779: Commander at Stony and Verplanck's Points.
June 1780: Commanded a brigade at Springfield, NJ.
20 Nov. 1782: Promoted to Major-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

3 May 1796: Promoted to Lieutenant General.
26 July 1799: Succeeded to the baoretcy of Ardoch.
1 Jan 1801: Promoted to General.

Additional Information: Bio

General Johann David Stirn

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General Trombach

Born:

Died:

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

Military Career during the AWI:

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information:

General William Tryon

Born: 1729

Died: 1788

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

1751: Lieutenant of the 1st Regt. of Foot Guards.
1764: Appointed Lt. Governor of North Carolina.
1765: Governor of North Carolina.
16 May 1771: Defeated the Regulators at Alamance.
July 1771: Appointed Governor of New York.
April 1774: Returned to England.

Military Career during the AWI:

June 1775: Returned to New York.
Oct 1775: Took refuge aboard a British ship.
1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
Apr. 1777: Led the Danbury Raid.
29 Aug. 1777: Promoted to Major General.
9 Oct 1777: Destroyed Continental Village on Clinton's Hudson Raid.
July 1779: Led the Connecticut Coast Raid.
4 Sept. 1780: Returned to England due to poor health.
1782: Promoted to Lieutenant-General.

Military Career after the AWI:

Additional Information: Bio

General Honourable John Vaughan

Born:

Died: Martinique, 3 June 1795

Cause of Death:

Military Career prior to the AWI:

9th Marine regiment.
9 Apr 1748: Cornet in the 10th Dragoons.
28 Jan 1755: Promoted to Captain of 10th Dragoons in Germany.
15 Oct. 1759: Commisioned Major in the 94th (Royal Welsh Volunteers).
12 Jan. 1760: Promoted to Lt. Colonel commandant.
1761: Commander of a grenadier division in Martinique.
1764: Became Lt. Colonel of the 46th Foot when the 94th was disbanded.
1767: Moved regiment to Ireland.
May 1772: Promoted to Colonel.
1774-1793: Member of Parliament.

Military Career during the AWI:

1 Jan 1776: Promoted to Major General in America.
Jun 1776: Charleston Expedition.
Aug. 1776: Commanded the grenadiers at the Battle of Long Island.
Oct. 1776: wounded at White Plains.
Winter 1776-77: Returned to England.
29 Aug 1777: Promoted to Major-General.
6 Oct 1777: Led assault on Fort Montgomery.
12-24 Oct 1777: Commanded troops on raid up the Hudson, burning Kingston.
1 June 1779: Captured Verplanck's Point.
Winter 1779: Returned to England.
Dec. 1779: Named Commander of the Leeward Islands.
1781: Led unsuccessful attack on St. Vincent.
3 Feb 1782: Captured St. Eustatius.

Military Career after the AWI:

1793: Knighted.

Additional Information: Bio