Writings: Published and Unpublished

John U. Rees
© 2002
New Hope, PA

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Index
Soldiers' Shelter
Soldiers' Rations, Food Preparation and Cooking Utensils
Transportation
New Jersey Brigade
Unpublished Monographs Concerning the New Jersey Regiments
Unit Specific Monographs
Women Following the Army
Miscellaneous Monographs (Material Culture, etc.)
Transcriptions
Minor Works
Works in Progress
Research Files
Resume

Soldiers' Shelter

"‘We are now ... properly ... enwigwamed.’: British Soldiers and Brush Shelters, 1777-1781," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 2 (Summer 1999), 2-9.

"‘We ... got ourselves cleverly settled for the night’: Soldiers' Shelter on Campaign During the War for Independence":

Part I. "‘The most expensive & essential article of camp equipage’: Tents in the Armies of the Revolution" Military Collector & Historian, vol. 49, no. 3 (Fall 1997), 98-107;

Part II. "‘The Allowance of Tents is not sufficient …’: An Overview of Tents as Shelter," Military Collector & Historian, vol. 49, no. 4 (Winter 1997), 156-168.

Part III. "‘The camps … are as different in their form as the owners are in their dress …’: Shades, Sheds, and Wooden Tents, 1775-1782"; Military Collector & Historian, vol. 53, no. 4 (Winter 2001), 161-169.

Part IV. "‘We are now … properly … enwigwamed.’: British Soldiers and Brush Huts, 1776-1781"; Military Collector & Historian, vol. 55, no. 2 (Summer 2003), 89-96.

Part V. "‘We built up housan of branchis and leavs …’: Continental Army Brush Shelters, 1775-1782":

1. "‘This night we lay without shelter’: Overview of Revolutionary Soldiers’ Campaign Lodging"; Submitted to Military Collector & Historian.

2. "‘At this place we built an agreeable Bush house …’: American Brush Huts from Canada to South Carolina"; Submitted to Military Collector & Historian.

"‘They had built huts of bushes and leaves.’: Analysis of Continental Army Brush Shelter Use, 1775-1782" The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXII, no. 3 (Autumn 2002), 7-10.

"‘Shebangs,’ ‘Shades,’ and Shelter Tents: An Overview of Civil War Soldiers' Campaign Shelters", part I. Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 1 (March/April 2003), 69-75; part II. Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 2 (May/June 2003), 63-69. .

Soldiers' Rations, Food Preparation and Cooking Utensils

"‘The foundation of an army is the belly.’: North American Soldiers' Food, 1756-1945," ALHFAM: Proceedings of the 1998 Conference and Annual Meeting, vol. XXI (The Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums, Bloomfield, Ohio, 1999), 49-64:

Part I. "‘I live on raw salt pork ... hard bread and sugar.’: The Evolution of Soldiers' Rations";

Part II. "Salt Beef to C Rations: A Compendium of North American Soldiers Rations, 1756-1945."

"Compendium of Ration Allotments, 1754-1785," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 2 (Summer 1996), 30-34.

"‘To subsist an Army well …’: Soldiers' Cooking Equipment, Provisions, and Food Preparation During the American War for Independence.":

Part I. "‘All the tin Camp-kettles they can procure …’: Iron Pots, Pans, and Light-Weight Military Kettles, 1759-1782,” Military Collector & Historian, vol 53, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 7-23.

Addendum: "Brass Kettles" Military Collector & Historian, vol. 53, no. 3 (Fall 2001), 118-119.

Brigade Dispatch series on Continental soldiers' utensils, food and cooking during the War for Independence:

1. "‘We had our cooking utensils … to carry in our hands.’: Light-Weight Military Kettles, 1775-1782,” The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 2-11.

2. "‘The Kettles to be made as formerly…’: Kettle Capacity and Weight, and Excavated Artifacts," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 5-8.

3. "‘They were made of cast iron and consequently heavy.’: Less Commonly Used Utensils, Eating Implements, and Officers’ Cooking Equipment," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 2 (Summer 2001), 2-7.

"‘As many fireplaces as you have tents’: Earthen Camp Kitchens":

Part I. "Cooking Excavations: Their History and Use by Soldiers in North America"; The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 3 (Summer 1998), 26-29.

Part II. "Matt and I Dig a Kitchen," The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 3 (Summer 1998), 29-32.

"Earthen Camp Kitchens," Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 4 (September/October 2003), 59-64.

"‘Properly fixed upon the Men’: Linen Bags for Camp Kettles," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVII, no. 3 (Autumn 1997), 2-5.

"‘A disgusting incumbrance to the troops’: More on Kettle Bags and Carts in the Continental Army, 1781," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVIII, no. 3 (Autumn 1998), 12-13.

"‘It was my turn to cook for the mess’: Provisions of the Common Soldier in the Continental Army, 1775-1783." First conceived as a lecture for the Historic Foodways Society of the Delaware Valley, given 15 January 1995. Revised as a feature column in Food History News beginning with vol. VII, no. 1 (Fall 1995). Below are the column titles:

"It was my turn to cook for the Mess"
Provisions of the Common Soldier in the Continental Army
1775–1783
(FHN, vol. VII, no. 1, Fall 1995)

"Sometimes we drew two days rations at a time."
The Soldiers' Daily Issue
(FHN, vol. VII, no. 3, Winter 1995)

"The unreasonable prices extorted ... by the market People":
Camp Markets and the Impact of the Economy
(FHN, vol. VII, no. 4, Spring 1996)

"Drew 2 pound of Shugar and 1 pound of Coffee"
Extraordinary Foodstuffs Issued the Troops
(FHN, vol. VIII, no. 1, Summer 1996)

"Complaint has been made by many of the Inhabitants"
Soldiers' Efforts to Supplement the Ration Issue
(FHN, vol. VIII, no. 2, Fall 1996)

"Whilst in this country"
Sullivan's Expedition and the Carolina Campaigns
(FHN, vol. VIII, no. 3, Winter 1996)

"Hard enough to break the teeth of a rat."
Biscuit and Hard Bread in the Armies of the Revolution
(FHN, vol. VIII, no. 4, Spring 1997)

(Also in the same issue, information on cooking with biscuit and hardtack during the American Civil War and the War for Independence in "Joy of Historical Cooking: Using Hardtack & Crackers.")
"Give us Our Bread Day by Day."
Bakers and Bread in the Continental Army
(unpublished)

"The essential service he rendered to the army"
Christopher Ludwick, Superintendent of Bakers
(FHN, vol. IX, no. 1, Summer 1997)

"As many fireplaces as you have tents"
Earthen Camp Kitchens
(FHN, vol. IX, no. 2, Fall 1997)

Matt and I Dig a Kitchen
Recreating an 18th-Century Cooking Excavation
(FHN, vol. IX, no. 3, Winter 1998)

"Our pie-loving ... stomachs ... ache to even look."
Durable Foods for Armies, 1775-1865
(FHN, vol. IX, no. 4, Spring 1998)

"Tell them never to throw away their ... haversacks or canteens"
Finding Water and Carrying Food
During the War for Independence and the American Civil War
(FHN, vol. X, no. 1 (37))

"The victuals became putrid by sweat & heat"
Equipment Shortages, the Burden of Rations and Spoilage
During the War for Independence and the War Between the States
(FHN, vol. X, no. 2 (38))

(1775-1945)
An "unrational predicament."
Soldiers, Food, and Humor
(FHN, vol. X, no. 3 (39))

(1775-1945)
"This is the way they live"
Soldiers' Observations of Other Regions, Other Cultures
(FHN, vol. XI, no. 1 (41))

(1775-1945)
"Happy New Year, you guys."
A Soldier's Holiday
(FHN, vol. XI, no. 2 (42))

(1775-1945)
From Firecake to K Rations:
Books on the American Soldier's Diet.
(FHN, vol. XI, no. 4 (44))

"False hopes and temporary devices"
Organizing Food Supply in the Continental Army
"Part I. “To subsist an Army well"
"An Organizational Overview"
(FHN, vol. XII, no. 3 (47))

"False hopes and temporary devices"
Organizing Food Supply in the Continental Army
"Part II. “Owing to this variety of waste”
Producing, Storing, and Transporting Bread
(FHN, vol. XII, no. 4 (48))

"False hopes and temporary devices"
Organizing Food Supply in the Continental Army
Part III. “We now have 500 head of fat cattle”
Procuring, Transporting, and Processing Livestock
(FHN, vol. XIII, no. 1 (49))

“The new process of cooking”
Robert Beecham’s 1862 Birthday Meal
(FHN, vol. XIII, no. 4, (52))

"A perfect nutriment for heroes!"
Apples and North American Soldiers, 1757-1918
(FHN, vol. XIV, no. 1 (53))

"The oficers are Drunk and Dancing on the table"
U.S Soldiers and Alcoholic Beverages
(FHN, vol. XIV, no. 2 (54))

"The repast was in the English fashion …"
Washington’s Campaign for Refined Dining in the War for Independence
(FHN, vol. XIV, no. 3 (55))

“We'll eat as we ne'er ate before …”
The Immutable Army Bean, Part I
“The proof of the pudding is in the eating.”:
U.S. Army Baked Bean How-to and Recipe
(FHN, vol. XIV, no. 4 (56))

“We'll eat as we ne'er ate before …”
The Immutable Army Bean, Part II
Eating Beans, 1775 to 1945
(FHN, vol. XV, no. 1 (57))

(Proposed column titles)

“We'll eat as we ne'er ate before …”
The Immutable Army Bean, Part III
Beans in Song and Verse

"To keep the Army from Starving"
Food Impressment in the War for Independence

"The men must march, if the service requires it"
Feeding Troops on the Move

"We had our cooking utensils ... to carry in our hands."
Soldiers' Cooking Equipment

"The manner of messing and living together"
Mess Squads and Ration Distribution

"A hard game"
Cooks in the Continental Army

The "Roast Beef of Old England"
Music and Food

"Avoid using unwholesome Food that is partially cook'd"
Cooking Methods

"Very conducive to health"
Food, Health, and Hospitals

"A better repast"
Continental Army Officers' Fare

Condensed Milk, "Corned Willie” and K Rations
Canned Foods for American Troops

"Indolence is the mother of invention"
Private Post’s 1898 Culinary Campaign

Transportation

"‘Employed in carrying cloathing & provisions’: Wagons and Watercraft During the War for Independence" (abbreviated article):
Part I. "‘Country Waggons,’ ‘Tumbrils,’ and ‘Philadelphia Carts’: Wheeled Transport in the Armies of the Revolution," ALHFAM Bulletin, vol. XXIX, no. 3 (Fall 2000), 4-9, and The Continental Soldier, vol. XII, no. 2 (Winter 1999), 18-25;

Part II. "Sloops, ‘Scows,’ ‘Batteaux,’ and ‘Pettyaugers’: Continental Army Rivercraft, 1775-1782," ALHFAM Bulletin, vol. XXIX, no. 4 (Winter 2000), 8-16, and The Continental Soldier, vol. XIII, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 2000), 34-46.

"‘Country Waggons,’ ‘Tumbrils,’ and ‘Philadelphia Carts’: Wheeled Transport in the Armies of the Revolution" Submitted to Muzzleloader Magazine.

New Jersey Brigade

"What is this you have been about to day?"
The New Jersey Brigade at the Battle of Monmouth

"‘We ... wheeled to the Right to form the Line of Battle’: Colonel Israel Shreve's Journal of 1777," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXII, no. 1 (Spring 1992), 7-16.

"‘He Come Out with us this time As a Volunteer’: Soldiers Serving Without Pay in the Second New Jersey Regiment, 1777-1780," Military Collector & Historian, vol. XLV, no. 4 (Winter 1993), 154-55.

"‘The Great Neglect in provideing Cloathing’: Uniform Colors and Clothing in the New Jersey Brigade During the Monmouth Campaign of 1778," Military Collector & Historian, two parts: vol. XLVI, no. 4 (Winter 1994), 163-170; vol. XLVII, no. 1 (Spring 1995), 12-20.

"‘One of the best in the army.’: An Overview of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment and General William Maxwell's Jersey Brigade," The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 2 (Spring 1998), 45-53.

"Eyewitness to Battle: The Pension Depositions of Frederick Van Lew and Isaac Childs," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 3 (Autumn 1999), 18-20.

"Eyewitness to Battle: The New Jersey Brigade at Connecticut Farms and Springfield, June 1780," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 4 (Winter 1999), 20-22.

Unpublished Monographs Concerning the New Jersey Regiments

"‘What is this you have been about to day?’
The New Jersey Brigade at the Battle of Monmouth"

"‘The new Leveys are coming in dayly ...’: The Nine-Month Draft in the Second New Jersey Regiment and Maxwell's New Jersey Brigade” (Including a study of "The Use and Effect of the Nine-Month Draft in the Other Brigades of Washington's Army")

"‘In reduced circumstances’: Pension Papers of the Soldiers of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment"

"‘From thence to the Battle ...’: Gleanings from the Pension Depositions of the Soldiers of the New Jersey Brigade for 1778"

"Losses in the New Jersey Brigade at the Battles of: Short Hills (June 26, 1777); Brandywine (September 11, 1777); Germantown (October 4, 1777)"

"Losses of the New Jersey Brigade in the Monmouth Campaign, June 17, 1778 to July 6, 1778"

(Note: All the above are included in part I of "‘I Expect to be stationed in Jersey sometime...’: An Account of the Services of the New Jersey Regiment, December 1777 to June 1778," for which see below.)

"‘Endeavering to Keep them from going to New York ...’: The New Jersey Brigade’s Pursuit of the British Army, 18-27 June 1778"

"‘The essence of innumerable biographies.’: Information Collected for a Study of Continental Army Nine-Months Levies in 1778"

"‘The Combat was Renewed very Briskly ...’: Maxwell's Brigade and the 1780 British Incursion into New Jersey"

"‘The enemy hove in a tollerable fire ...’: New Jersey Brigade Casualties in the Actions of Connecticut Farms and Springfield, June 1780"

Unit Specific Monographs

1. 2nd New Jersey Regiment:

"I Expect to be stationed in Jersey sometime...": An Account of the Services of the Second New Jersey Regiment:

Part I: December 1777 to June 1778 (1994, unpublished, copy held in the collections of the David Library of the American Revolution, Washington Crossing, Pa.), contains seventeen appendices covering various subjects including studies of the casualties incurred by the New Jersey Brigade (1777-1779), the uniform clothing of the New Jersey Brigade (1776-1778) and the use of the nine-month draft during 1778. Also included is a collection of pension narratives of the common soldiers of the New Jersey Brigade;

Part II: June 1778 to June 1779 (2000, unpublished), covers the period from the onset of the 1778 Monmouth Campaign to the unit’s departure for the 1779 expedition led by Major General John Sullivan against the Iroquois.

2. 5th Pennsylvania Battalion of 1776:

The Fifth Pennsylvania Battalion of 1776 (1987, unpublished, copies held in the collections of the David Library of the American Revolution, Washington Crossing, Pa., and the U.S. Military History Institute, Carlisle, Pa.) Includes a 65-page narrative history, 5-page appendix and 31-page addendum with 12 maps, 6 charts and 2 illustrations. Since many 5th Battalion men reenlisted in the newly-formed 6th Regiment, A Brief Itinerary of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment of 1777is also included.

Women Following the Army

"‘The multitude of women’: An Examination of the Numbers of Female Camp Followers with the Continental Army," The Brigade Dispatch (Journal of the Brigade of the American Revolution.) Three parts: vol. XXIII, no. 4 (Autumn 1992), 5-17; vol. XXIV, no. 1 (Winter 1993), 6-16; vol. XXIV, no. 2 (Spring 1993), 2-6. Reprinted in Minerva: Quarterly Report on Women and the Military, vol. XIV, no. 2 (Summer 1996.)

"‘The number of rations issued to the women in camp’: New Material Concerning Female Followers With Continental Regiments," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVIII, no. 1 (Spring 1998), 2-10; vol. XXVIII, no. 2 (Summer 1998), 2-12, 13.

" ‘Some in rags and some in jags,’ but none ‘in velvet gowns.,’ Insights on Clothing Worn by Female Followers of the Armies During the American War for Independence," ALHFAM Bulletin (Association of Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums), vol. XXVIII, no. 4 (Winter 1999), 18-21.

"‘The proportion of Women which ought to be allowed’: Female Camp Followers With the Continental Army," The Continental Soldier (Journal of the Continental Line), vol. VIII, no. 3 (Spring 1995), 51-58.

"Reading List: Women and the Military During the War for Independence," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 1997), 52.

Miscellaneous Monographs (Material Culture, etc.)

"‘The great distress of the Army for want of Blankets ...’: Supply Shortages, Suffering Soldiers, and a Secret Mission During the Hard Winter of 1780," Military Collector & Historian, vol. 52, no. 3 (Fall 2000), 98-110.

"‘White Wollen,’ ‘Striped Indian Blankets,’ ‘Rugs and Coverlids’: The Variety of Continental Army Blankets," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXX, no. 2 (Summer 2000), 11-14.

"Continental Soldiers' Milled Wool Caps, 1778," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXX, no. 2 (Summer 2000), 16-17.

"‘The Music of the Army...’: An Abbreviated Study of the Ages of Musicians in the Continental Army," The Brigade Dispatch, two parts: vol. XXIV, no. 4 (Autumn 1993), 2-8; vol. XXV, no. 1 (Winter 1994), 2-12.

"‘Bugle Horns,’ ‘conk shells’ and ‘Signals by Drum’: Miscellaneous Notes on Instruments and Their Usage During the American War for Independence," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVI, no. 4 (Winter 1996), 13-15.

"‘Politeness’, ‘Mirth’ and ‘Vocal Musick’: Sidelights of General John Sullivan's Indian Campaign of 1779," The Continental Soldier, vol. XII, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 37-39.

"The Care and Cleaning of Firelocks in the 18th Century: A Discussion of Period Methods and Their Present Day Applications," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXII, no. 2 (Summer 1991), 2-11, and Muzzleloader, vol. XXI, no. 4, (September/October 1994), 62-66.

"Eyewitness to Battle: Alexander Dow's Account of a 1777 Skirmish and the 1778 Battle of Monmouth," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 15-16.

Book Review: Joseph Lee Boyle, "’My last Shift Betwixt Us & death’: The Ephraim Blaine Letterbook, 1777-1778," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 1 (Winter 2001), 22.

Book Review: Frederick C. Gaede, “The Federal Civil War Shelter Tent,” Military Collector & Historian, vol. 54, no. 4 (Winter 2002-2003), 197.

Book Review: Thomas J. McGuire, “Battle of Paoli,” On Point: The Newsletter of the Army Historical Foundation, vol. 8, no. 3 (Fall 2002), 17.

Transcriptions

“Marched at Day Break and fell in With the Rebels”: Anonymous British Diary, 13 April 1777 to 26 September 1777.. Unpublished.

“Necessarys … to be Properley Packd: & Slung in their Blanketts”: Selected Transcriptions of 40th Regiment of Foot Order Book. Unpublished.

“Revolutionary War Pension File: Jeffery Brace a.k.a. Stiles."
(African-American soldier, 6th Connecticut Regiment)

Minor Works

"’Sospecting the prisner to be a tory ...’: A Continental Army Court Martial, July 1777," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 1997), 45-46.

"On the Use of Tin Cartridge Boxes in the Continental Army," Military Collector & Historian, vol. XLII, no. 4 (Winter 1990), 150-51. Illustration by Ross Hamel.

"The Use of Tumplines or Blanket Slings by Light Troops," The Continental Soldier, vol VIII, no. 2 (Summer 1995), 27-29.

Works in Progress

"‘The Action was renew.d with a very warm Canonade.’: A New Jersey Officer’s Diary, June 1777 to 31 August 1778"

"‘The Necessaries of a Soldier ... ’: The Common Soldier's Burden During the American War for Independence"

"‘For the purpose of carrying Ammunition’: More on Tin Cartridge Canisters"

"‘Volunteers and Drafts lately taken...’: A Study of the Use of Short-Term Levies to Augment General William Maxwell's New Jersey Brigade in 1778"

"‘The uses and conveniences of different kinds of Water Craft’: Continental Army Vessels on Inland Waterways, 1775-1782" (Unpublished; to be rewritten and submitted to The American Neptune.)

"‘The pleasure of their number’: 1778, Crisis, Conscription, and Revolutionary Soldiers’Recollections”
Part I. “’Filling the Regiments by drafts from the Militia.’: The 1778 Recruiting Acts
Part II. "’Fine, likely, tractable men.’: 1778 Levy Statistics and Service Narratives (To be published in the ALHFAM Bulletin)

Research Files

"‘Shaved, combed, and powdered ...’
Soldiers' Tonsorial Practices during the War for Independence"

Resume

John Rees resides in Solebury, Pennsylvania, with his wife Linda and their two sons. He has been writing since 1986 on various aspects of the common soldiers' experience, focusing primarily on the War for Independence. His current works include monographs on Civil War soldiers’ campaign shelters, the military use of wagons and watercraft in the Revolution, and the evolution of American soldiers’ rations, 1756 to 1945.

In addition to providing research to Monmouth Battlefield State Park and the Yorktown Victory Center, Mr. Rees's work has appeared in the ALHFAM Bulletin (Association of Living History, Farm, and Agricultural Museums), The Brigade Dispatch (Journal of the Brigade of the American Revolution), The Continental Soldier (Journal of the Continental Line), Military Collector & Historian, Minerva: Quarterly Report on Women and the Military, and Muzzleloader Magazine. He is currently a regular contributor to Food History News writing about soldiers' food from the 18^th to the 20th centuries.

"‘We are now ... properly ... enwigwamed.’: British Soldiers and Brush Shelters, 1777-1781," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 2 (Summer 1999), 2-9.
"‘We ... got ourselves cleverly settled for the night’: Soldiers' Shelter on Campaign During the War for Independence":
Part I. "‘The most expensive & essential article of camp equipage’: Tents in the Armies of the Revolution" Military Collector & Historian, vol. 49, no. 3 (Fall 1997), 98-107;
Part II. "‘The Allowance of Tents is not sufficient …’: An Overview of Tents as Shelter," Military Collector & Historian, vol. 49, no. 4 (Winter 1997), 156-168.
Part III. "‘The camps … are as different in their form as the owners are in their dress …’: Shades, Sheds, and Wooden Tents, 1775-1782"; Military Collector & Historian, vol. 53, no. 4 (Winter 2001), 161-169.
Part IV. "‘We are now … properly … enwigwamed.’: British Soldiers and Brush Huts, 1776-1781"; Military Collector & Historian, vol. 55, no. 2 (Summer 2003), 89-96.
Part V. "‘We built up housan of branchis and leavs …’: Continental Army Brush Shelters, 1775-1782":
1. "‘This night we lay without shelter’: Overview of Revolutionary Soldiers’ Campaign Lodging"; Submitted to Military Collector & Historian.
2. "‘At this place we built an agreeable Bush house …’: American Brush Huts from Canada to South Carolina"; Submitted to Military Collector & Historian.
"‘They had built huts of bushes and leaves.’: Analysis of Continental Army Brush Shelter Use, 1775-1782" The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXII, no. 3 (Autumn 2002), 7-10.

"‘Shebangs,’ ‘Shades,’ and Shelter Tents: An Overview of Civil War Soldiers' Campaign Shelters", part I. Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 1 (March/April 2003), 69-75; part II. Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 2 (May/June 2003), 63-69. .

"‘The foundation of an army is the belly.’: North American Soldiers' Food, 1756-1945," ALHFAM: Proceedings of the 1998 Conference and Annual Meeting, vol. XXI (The Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums, Bloomfield, Ohio, 1999), 49-64:
Part I. "‘I live on raw salt pork ... hard bread and sugar.’: The Evolution of Soldiers' Rations";
Part II. "Salt Beef to C Rations: A Compendium of North American Soldiers Rations, 1756-1945."
"Compendium of Ration Allotments, 1754-1785," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 2 (Summer 1996), 30-34.

"‘To subsist an Army well …’: Soldiers' Cooking Equipment, Provisions, and Food Preparation During the American War for Independence.":
Part I. "‘All the tin Camp-kettles they can procure …’: Iron Pots, Pans, and Light-Weight Military Kettles, 1759-1782,” Military Collector & Historian, vol 53, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 7-23.
Addendum: "Brass Kettles" Military Collector & Historian, vol. 53, no. 3 (Fall 2001), 118-119.
Brigade Dispatch series on Continental soldiers' utensils, food and cooking during the War for Independence:
1. "‘We had our cooking utensils … to carry in our hands.’: Light-Weight Military Kettles, 1775-1782,” The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 2-11.
2. "‘The Kettles to be made as formerly…’: Kettle Capacity and Weight, and Excavated Artifacts," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 1 (Spring 2001), 5-8.
3. "‘They were made of cast iron and consequently heavy.’: Less Commonly Used Utensils, Eating Implements, and Officers’ Cooking Equipment," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXXI, no. 2 (Summer 2001), 2-7.
"‘As many fireplaces as you have tents’: Earthen Camp Kitchens":
Part I. "Cooking Excavations: Their History and Use by Soldiers in North America"; The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 3 (Summer 1998), 26-29.
Part II. "Matt and I Dig a Kitchen," The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 3 (Summer 1998), 29-32.
"Earthen Camp Kitchens," Muzzleloader, vol. XXX, no. 4 (September/October 2003), 59-64.

"‘Properly fixed upon the Men’: Linen Bags for Camp Kettles," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVII, no. 3 (Autumn 1997), 2-5.

"‘A disgusting incumbrance to the troops’: More on Kettle Bags and Carts in the Continental Army, 1781," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVIII, no. 3 (Autumn 1998), 12-13.

"‘Employed in carrying cloathing & provisions’: Wagons and Watercraft During the War for Independence" (abbreviated article):
Part I. "‘Country Waggons,’ ‘Tumbrils,’ and ‘Philadelphia Carts’: Wheeled Transport in the Armies of the Revolution," ALHFAM Bulletin, vol. XXIX, no. 3 (Fall 2000), 4-9, and The Continental Soldier, vol. XII, no. 2 (Winter 1999), 18-25;

Part II. "Sloops, ‘Scows,’ ‘Batteaux,’ and ‘Pettyaugers’: Continental Army Rivercraft, 1775-1782," ALHFAM Bulletin, vol. XXIX, no. 4 (Winter 2000), 8-16, and The Continental Soldier, vol. XIII, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 2000), 34-46.
"‘Country Waggons,’ ‘Tumbrils,’ and ‘Philadelphia Carts’: Wheeled Transport in the Armies of the Revolution" Submitted to Muzzleloader Magazine.

"What is this you have been about to day?" The New Jersey Brigade at the Battle of Monmouth

"‘We ... wheeled to the Right to form the Line of Battle’: Colonel Israel Shreve's Journal of 1777," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXII, no. 1 (Spring 1992), 7-16.

"‘He Come Out with us this time As a Volunteer’: Soldiers Serving Without Pay in the Second New Jersey Regiment, 1777-1780," Military Collector & Historian, vol. XLV, no. 4 (Winter 1993), 154-55.

"‘The Great Neglect in provideing Cloathing’: Uniform Colors and Clothing in the New Jersey Brigade During the Monmouth Campaign of 1778," Military Collector & Historian, two parts: vol. XLVI, no. 4 (Winter 1994), 163-170; vol. XLVII, no. 1 (Spring 1995), 12-20.

"‘One of the best in the army.’: An Overview of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment and General William Maxwell's Jersey Brigade," The Continental Soldier, vol. XI, no. 2 (Spring 1998), 45-53.

"Eyewitness to Battle: The Pension Depositions of Frederick Van Lew and Isaac Childs," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 3 (Autumn 1999), 18-20.

"Eyewitness to Battle: The New Jersey Brigade at Connecticut Farms and Springfield, June 1780," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 4 (Winter 1999), 20-22.

"‘What is this you have been about to day?’ The New Jersey Brigade at the Battle of Monmouth"

"‘The new Leveys are coming in dayly ...’: The Nine-Month Draft in the Second New Jersey Regiment and Maxwell's New Jersey Brigade” (Including a study of "The Use and Effect of the Nine-Month Draft in the Other Brigades of Washington's Army")

"‘In reduced circumstances’: Pension Papers of the Soldiers of the 2nd New Jersey Regiment"

"‘From thence to the Battle ...’: Gleanings from the Pension Depositions of the Soldiers of the New Jersey Brigade for 1778"

"Losses in the New Jersey Brigade at the Battles of: Short Hills (June 26, 1777); Brandywine (September 11, 1777); Germantown (October 4, 1777)"

"Losses of the New Jersey Brigade in the Monmouth Campaign, June 17, 1778 to July 6, 1778"

(Note: All the above are included in part I of *"‘I Expect to be stationed in Jersey sometime...’: An Account of the Services of the New Jersey Regiment, December 1777 to June 1778*," for which see below.)

"‘Endeavering to Keep them from going to New York ...’: The New Jersey Brigade’s Pursuit of the British Army, 18-27 June 1778"

"‘The essence of innumerable biographies.’: Information Collected for a Study of Continental Army Nine-Months Levies in 1778"

"‘The Combat was Renewed very Briskly ...’: Maxwell's Brigade and the 1780 British Incursion into New Jersey"

"‘The enemy hove in a tollerable fire ...’: New Jersey Brigade Casualties in the Actions of Connecticut Farms and Springfield, June 1780"

"‘The multitude of women’: An Examination of the Numbers of Female Camp Followers with the Continental Army," The Brigade Dispatch (Journal of the Brigade of the American Revolution.) Three parts: vol. XXIII, no. 4 (Autumn 1992), 5-17; vol. XXIV, no. 1 (Winter 1993), 6-16; vol. XXIV, no. 2 (Spring 1993), 2-6. Reprinted in Minerva: Quarterly Report on Women and the Military, vol. XIV, no. 2 (Summer 1996.)

"‘The number of rations issued to the women in camp’: New Material Concerning Female Followers With Continental Regiments," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVIII, no. 1 (Spring 1998), 2-10; vol. XXVIII, no. 2 (Summer 1998), 2-12, 13.

" ‘Some in rags and some in jags,’ but none ‘in velvet gowns.,’ Insights on Clothing Worn by Female Followers of the Armies During the American War for Independence," ALHFAM Bulletin (Association of Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums), vol. XXVIII, no. 4 (Winter 1999), 18-21.

"‘The proportion of Women which ought to be allowed’: Female Camp Followers With the Continental Army," The Continental Soldier (Journal of the Continental Line), vol. VIII, no. 3 (Spring 1995), 51-58.

"Reading List: Women and the Military During the War for Independence," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 1997), 52.

"‘The great distress of the Army for want of Blankets ...’: Supply Shortages, Suffering Soldiers, and a Secret Mission During the Hard Winter of 1780," Military Collector & Historian, vol. 52, no. 3 (Fall 2000), 98-110.

"‘White Wollen,’ ‘Striped Indian Blankets,’ ‘Rugs and Coverlids’: The Variety of Continental Army Blankets," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXX, no. 2 (Summer 2000), 11-14.

"Continental Soldiers' Milled Wool Caps, 1778," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXX, no. 2 (Summer 2000), 16-17.

"‘The Music of the Army...’: An Abbreviated Study of the Ages of Musicians in the Continental Army," The Brigade Dispatch, two parts: vol. XXIV, no. 4 (Autumn 1993), 2-8; vol. XXV, no. 1 (Winter 1994), 2-12.

"‘Bugle Horns,’ ‘conk shells’ and ‘Signals by Drum’: Miscellaneous Notes on Instruments and Their Usage During the American War for Independence," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXVI, no. 4 (Winter 1996), 13-15.

"‘Politeness’, ‘Mirth’ and ‘Vocal Musick’: Sidelights of General John Sullivan's Indian Campaign of 1779," The Continental Soldier, vol. XII, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 37-39.

"The Care and Cleaning of Firelocks in the 18th Century: A Discussion of Period Methods and Their Present Day Applications," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXII, no. 2 (Summer 1991), 2-11, and Muzzleloader, vol. XXI, no. 4, (September/October 1994), 62-66.

"Eyewitness to Battle: Alexander Dow's Account of a 1777 Skirmish and the 1778 Battle of Monmouth," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 15-16.

Book Review: Joseph Lee Boyle, "’My last Shift Betwixt Us & death’: The Ephraim Blaine Letterbook, 1777-1778," The Brigade Dispatch, vol. XXIX, no. 1 (Winter 2001), 22.

Book Review: Frederick C. Gaede, “The Federal Civil War Shelter Tent,” Military Collector & Historian, vol. 54, no. 4 (Winter 2002-2003), 197.

Book Review: Thomas J. McGuire, “Battle of Paoli,” On Point: The Newsletter of the Army Historical Foundation, vol. 8, no. 3 (Fall 2002), 17.

“Marched at Day Break and fell in With the Rebels”: Anonymous British Diary, 13 April 1777 to 26 September 1777.. Unpublished.

“Necessarys … to be Properley Packd: & Slung in their Blanketts”: Selected Transcriptions of 40th Regiment of Foot Order Book. Unpublished.

“Revolutionary War Pension File: Jeffery Brace a.k.a. Stiles." (African-American soldier, 6th Connecticut Regiment)

"’Sospecting the prisner to be a tory ...’: A Continental Army Court Martial, July 1777," The Continental Soldier, vol. IX, no. 1 (Winter/Spring 1997), 45-46.

"On the Use of Tin Cartridge Boxes in the Continental Army," Military Collector & Historian, vol. XLII, no. 4 (Winter 1990), 150-51. Illustration by Ross Hamel.

"The Use of Tumplines or Blanket Slings by Light Troops," The Continental Soldier, vol VIII, no. 2 (Summer 1995), 27-29.

Writings: Published and Unpublished

John U. Rees© 2002 New Hope, PA Contact John

John U. Rees
© 2002
New Hope, PA

Contact John